A brief biography of Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani (bag. 1)

Name and lineage

Amirul Mukminin In the knowledge of Islamic hadith and Shaykh; Pastor Al-Hafidz Syihabuddin Abu Al-Fadl Ahmad bin Ali bin Muhammad bin Muhammad bin Ali bin Mahmud al-Kinani al-Asqalani al-Mishri. He is from the Cairo and Shafi’i sect. Known by the pronunciation of Ibn Hajar, which was passed on to one of his grandparents, and was called “al-asqalani” because it came from Asqalan Province. Asqalan is a city in Sham Coast.

Birth

Ibn Hajar was born on the banks of the Nile, Egypt, in 773 Hijri, precisely on the 22nd of Sya’ban. The house where he was born still had it until he was sold after his death. He then moved to Cairo, near Bahauddin Province, and died there. His father previously had an intelligent son and made love, but his son died, which made his father very sad. Later, Sheikh Ash-Shinafiri gave the news that God would give him a son who would become a scholar who filled the earth with knowledge and was included in the guardian of God. Therefore, God bestowed him Ibn Hajar, which God had opened to him.

Wife and children

Al-Hafidz Ibn Hajar Rahimahullah marry four wives and are blessed with five children; four daughters and one son. His wives are:

1) UNS Khatun, which is a hadith and Rent. Ibn Hajar respected him and from this marriage, he was in four daughters: Fatimah, Rabbi, Farhah, and ‘Aliyah.

2) Khos Turk, from this marriage, he was blessed with the only son: Badruddin Muhammad, also known as Abu Al-Ma’ali.

3) Az-Zain al-Amshati (a widow), but from this marriage has no offspring.

4) Laila Al-Halabiyah, but from this marriage is also not blessed with children.

The journey to study and the teachers

Ibn Hajar began to study at Kuttab at the age of five years. He has intelligence, sharpness, and strong memory. In one day, he managed to memorize Surah Maryam, and every day he memorized one Hizb From the Qur’an. In his childhood, he had memorized many people women Knowledge (Basic and Short Book) from various fields of knowledge. God instills in his heart in a deep love for the knowledge of the Prophet’s hadith, both in history and understanding.

At the age of twelve, he studied at Qadhi Abu Hamid Al-Makki in Mecca and studied his book, ‘Umdtoo al-ahkam, With himher. God gave him a typhoon in knowledge about the hadith for his determination, perseverance, and love in demanding knowledge. It meets the Hafidz Great in his time and mastering the hadith in terms of Wife, Sanad, Sanad’s criticism (‘ilal), terminology, to fiqh, so he deserves to be called “Amirul believes In the hadith. “

Ibnu Hajar traveled to various countries in his efforts to study, such as Sham, Yemen, Haramain (Makkah and Medina), and so on. He studied with many big scholars on time, including:

First: At-tanukhi; Ibn Hajar studied with him for three years. At-Tanukhi gave Ibn to hit permission to teach for a year. With At-Tanukhi, Ibn Hajar studied some of the most famous books, including Sahih al-Bukhari, Sunan in Tirmidzi, And Gettt ‘Malik. At-tanukhi is known for his expertise in science Qira’at and high sanad.

Second: Al-‘iraqi; Ibn Hajar has been with him for ten years. Al-‘iraqi was the first teacher to give Ibn Hajar permission to teach the hadith and first gave him a title “Al-Hafidz.” Al-‘iraqi is known for his expertise in the science of hadith and various branches of his knowledge.

Third: Al-Haitsami; Ibn Hajar learned a lot of books with him, along with al-‘iraqi. It is also specifically studied Majma ‘Al-Zawaid and a quarter Za’id Musnad Ahmad from him. Al-Haitsami is known for the power of memorization and its ability to remember the hadith.

Fourth: Al-Balqini; Ibn Hajar studied from him for some time, attending fiqh lessons and memorizing many books, including Tall Al-Bihaqi’s job, and Bill-Awaliyah Musalsal. Al-Balqini is famous for its extent of memorization and scientific insight.

Fifth: Ibn al-mulaqqin; Ibn Hajar learned most of the books Syarh Al-Minhaj from him. Ibn al-Mulaqqin is known for the many papers he produces.

Sixth: Ibn Jama’ah; Ibn Hajar studied him for about twenty -one years and learned almost all his knowledge, including Syarh Al-Minhaj Al-Baidhawi Dan Mukhtasar Ibnu Al-Hajib. Ibn Jama’ah is known for his expertise in various branches of science.

Seventh: Al-Majd As-Shirazi; Al-Ghamari, and Ibn Hisham; From them, Ibn Hajar learned Arabic and smoothness in that language.

The students

Ibn Hajar has the privilege of knowledge, especially in the fields of hadith and criticism of sanad, so students come from various regions such as Sham, Egypt, Makkah, Granada, and Baghdad. His students came from various schools, including different schools of him, such as Hanafi, Maliki, and Hanbali. His famous student, As-Sakhawi, records in his book, Al-jawahir wa ad-durar, As many as 626 students studying with Ibnu Hajar, both in understanding and history of the hadith. Among the most famous students are:

1) Ibn Qadhi Syuhbah: Book Author Thabaqat Asy-Shafi’iyyah.

2) Ibn Fahd al-Makki: Book Author Lahzh Al-Alhazh Bi-Dzail Thabaqat Al-Huffaz.

3) Ibn Taghri Bardi: Write a number of books, including An-Nujum Az-Zahirah Fi Multiok Misr Wa Al-Qhirah, Al-Manhal As-Shafi, And Al-Mustawda Ba’d Al-Wafi.

4) Muhammad al-Kafiji al-Hanafi: Writing several books, including Al-Mukhtasar fi ‘ilm at-tarikh And At-Taysir in Kabyle People.

Busyness and writing

Imam Ibnu Hajar holds several important positions in government, including teaching the science of hadith and fiqh in various regions. He also served as “Shaykhul Syuyukh” (leaders of the scholars) in several places, and finally appointed as Qadhi Al-Qudhat (Highest Judge) in Egypt. It writes many important books, including:

1) Fath Al-Bari Syarh Sahih Al-Bukhari, which begins with the introduction entitled Hady as-Sari.

2) Al-Weisabah Fi Tamyiz As-Sahabah, About the biography of the Prophet’s friends.

3) Ta’liq at-ta’liq, and two summaries, namely At-taswiq And At-tawfiq.

4) A near al-gharib in Gharib Sahih al-Bukhari, about the explanation of foreign terms in Sahih al-Bukhari.

5) It-Haf al-Garah Bithraf Al-Aasyarah, About the hadith of choice.

6) Al-Kaf Asy-Cyaf Fi Takhrij Ahadits Ahadits Al-Kasyaf And Al-Waf Bi Atsar Al-Kasyaf, who examined the hadith in interpretation Al-Kasyaf.

7) and many more

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Also read: Biography of Ibn Qayyim Al-Jauziyah

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Writer: Gazzeta Raka Putra Setyawan

Article Muslim.or.id