Questions and answers about the history of Ali, Hasan bin Ali, Muawiyah, Yazid bin Muawiyah, and Abdullah bin Zubair

QUESTION:

Assalaamu’alaykum Ustadz, there are several questions:

1. Based on historians Ahlu Sunnah, is there really an agreement between Muawiyah RA and Sayidinna Hasan bin Ali bin Abi Talib RA that Sayidina Hasan will be the caliph after Muawiyah?

2. What is the views of Aswaja scholars related to Yazid bin Muawiyah, especially related to the Karbala 10 Muharram tragedy? Is it true that someone argues that Yazid has a mental disorder so it cannot be considered guilty?

3. Why did Abdullaah bin Zubair bin Awwam RA’s friend not considered a caliphate by most of the demons, even though he had been the ruler of Mecca for the center of Islam for years?

Jazakallaahu Ahsanul Jazaa, Ustadz

ANSWER

Wa’alaikumussalam wa rahmatullah wa barakatuh

1. Yes, the agreement was not between Ali and Muawiyah but between Al Hasan and Muawiyah himself.

During Ali Radhiallahu ‘Anhu, Al Hasan became the Caliphate by Kufa people and then followed others.

But Muawiyah Radhiallahu ‘Anhu came to Al Hasan to ask for the Caliphate for himself because he was entitled to the position. Al Hasan agreed, he put his position so that the followers of Muawiyah and Ali did not occur bloodshed. But Al Hasan gave a condition, if Muawiyah died then the Caliphate returned to Al Hasan.

But Al Hasan died first, he died poisoned by his own wife for the seduction of Yazid bin Muawiyah.

This is all told in Danjhul Khulafa, Imam as Suyutei. Matter. 147 cet. 1, th.2004. Maktabah Nizar Mushthafa Al Baaz

2. Never discussed here: Responding to Yazid bin Muawiyah

3. Abdullah bin Zubeir bin ‘Awwam was counted as a caliph around the hijaz by his supporters and residents of Hijaz. There is also outside, the majority of the Islamic world is controlled by the Umayyads, and Abdullah bin Zubeir is considered opposition.

Wallahu a’lam